Pointing out that most watchmaker lathes use cone bearings does not address the precision and speed difference between cone bearing spindles and ball bearing spindles. The reason most watchmaker lathes used cone bearings is, until manufacturing technology improved the precision and performance of ball bearings (around WW2 and post WW2) cone bearing lathes outperformed ball bearing lathes. Once the manufacture of ball bearings produced high precision and ultra precision bearings, (ABEC 7 and ABEC 9) the situation reversed. Ball bearings now had tolerances measured in millionths of an inch and could outperform cone bearings. .
Both Levin and Derbyshire produced high quality cone bearing watchmaker lathes. Both companies switched to ball bearing spindles for their watchmaker size lathes; but later stopped producing watchmaker lathes altogether. Now they only produce instrument size lathes. The major reason for this was a drop in watchmaker size lathe sales due to the availability of factory replacement watch parts. Ordering a replacement staff from the watch factory was easier than making it. At this point in time watchmaker lathes were no longer required to repair watches and were seldom if ever used. They were reduced to the role of display items in the store windows of watch repair shops.
Now that watch factories have stopped selling parts to independent watch repair shops, the role of the watchmaker lathe should gain in importance. If replacement watch parts are, once again, made in the repair shops instead of being ordered from the watch factory, the role of a person who repairs watches should also be upgraded from part replacer to watchmaker.
david